The first ever reference to malicious hacking is ' telephone hackers' in MIT's student newspaper, The Tech of hackers tying up the lines with Harvard, configuring the PDP-1 to make free calls, war dialing and accumulating large phone bills.Various phreaking boxes are used to interact with automated telephone systems.Joe " Joybubbles" Engressia, a blind seven-year-old boy with perfect pitch, discovered that whistling the fourth E above middle C (a frequency of 2600 Hz) would interfere with AT&T's automated telephone systems, thereby inadvertently opening the door for phreaking.Eccles requests that anyone working or hacking on the electrical system turn the power off to avoid fuse blowing." The minutes of an April 1955 meeting of the Tech Model Railroad Club state that "Mr. At MIT, "hack" first came to mean fussing with machines.In the paper von Neumann speculated that computer programs could reproduce themselves. The theory that underlies computer viruses was first made public in 1949, when computer pioneer John von Neumann presented a paper titled "Theory and Organization of Complicated Automata".
René Carmille, comptroller general of the Vichy French Army, hacked the punched card system used by the Nazis to locate Jews.The Enigma machine's use of a reliably small key space makes it vulnerable to brute force. Alan Turing, Gordon Welchman and Harold Keen worked together to develop the Bombe (on the basis of Rejewski's works on Bomba).
Polish cryptologists Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Różycki broke the Enigma machine code.
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